While the changing season is loved by many, it also brings a lot of trouble in some cases, especially in winter. Winter is the favorite season of many. When winter comes, the humidity in the environment increases. But in that moisture, microorganisms like bacteria and fungi get a good chance to grow. As a result, these germs cause many diseases in humans. Along with this, many changes take place in the body during winter. More energy is needed to keep essential body parts warm. This leads to many types of deficiencies and diseases, and we become sick. So, doctors say we should be especially careful in winter.
One in eight people in Bangladesh is mentally ill. 18.70 percent of adults and 12.60 percent of children suffer from mental problems. 91 percent of people suffering from mental problems do not get treatment due to a lack of adequate allocation for medical services. More than one in five women suffer from mental health problems in the country. On the other hand, men tend to have more reformed and negative perceptions of mental illness. Even less than 2 percent of troubled teens receive mental health services. Besides, about 8 million deaths worldwide (14.3 percent) are related to mental problems every year. 970 million people around the world suffer from mental illness or drug use problems. Again, there is a shortage of skilled manpower in this sector. A concerted initiative should be taken to address this issue. Identifying the side effects of depression, experts say there is no accurate information about how many people in the country are suffering from mental health problems. It has become necessary to include the collection of data on this matter in the national census.
Mental illness can be caused by a variety of factors. Genetic factors may play a role, especially if parents or ancestors had a brain disorder, in which case children may show similar symptoms. Serious physical diseases can also contribute to mental health problems. Addiction, brain injury, sudden fear, mental anxiety, excessive joy, sadness, or depression can all trigger mental issues. Environmental factors and insomnia are also significant contributors.
It is not always easy to determine whether a person is mentally healthy or unwell. Many milder mental illnesses, such as anxiety and mild depression, are not easily diagnosed. If we notice that someone's daily activities and behavior are gradually changing to the point that they are suffering and causing harm to others, and if these changes persist for a prolonged period, we may be dealing with a manic disorder. For example, a person may talk excessively, become irritable, spend money recklessly, or behave harmfully toward others. While these behaviors may be tolerated for a few days, if they continue for weeks or months, it may be indicative of mental illness.
Mental illnesses are broadly categorized as mild or moderate/severe. Milder symptoms, such as anxiety, depression, sleep disturbances, and mild forms of depression, may not cause significant distress to the patient. However, in more acute cases, patients may lose consciousness, engage in violent behavior, or even commit acts of vandalism. At this point, some guardians may chain the patients, avoiding treatment, which is not the correct approach. It is important to note that symptoms of mental illness include sudden overexcitement, isolation from others, persistent depression for more than two weeks, a complete lack of desire to communicate, frequent arguments, paranoia, neglecting basic self-care, and an overall loss of interest in activities that once brought pleasure. If a person is consistently negative about themselves, indecisive, or exhibiting suicidal thoughts, this is a clear indication that professional help is needed. Mental illness can be divided into two main types: neurosis and psychosis. Neurosis refers to a milder form of mental illness that many people experience to varying degrees. It does not pose a significant threat to the family or society and can usually be treated with medication and psychotherapy. However, it often recurs. Psychosis, on the other hand, is a more complex and severe mental illness, affecting fewer individuals. Although treatment for psychosis is generally effective, it is less prone to relapse than neurosis. Disorders like anxiety, tension, phobia, obsession, and hysteria fall under neurosis, while depression and schizophrenia are examples of psychosis.
In addition to physical illnesses, the change of seasons can also affect people's mental health. This is particularly true during the winter months, when many individuals experience what is known as Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) or seasonal depression. SAD is a form of depression that occurs primarily in the winter months, and it is not uncommon. Scientists suggest that more than 10 million people in the United States suffer from seasonal depression or SAD, while over 2.5 million people experience mild symptoms of this condition. In such cases, it is often referred to as the Winter Blues.
Although the exact cause of seasonal depression is not fully understood, it is believed that drastic changes in hormones during the seasonal shift can affect mood. In particular, a lack of sunlight during the winter months is thought to reduce serotonin levels in the brain, leading to feelings of irritability or depression. This change can cause people to feel down and depressed even without any apparent external reason.
The symptoms of winter depression include feelings of deep sadness, increased weight, low energy, irritability, difficulty concentrating, and an overall lack of interest in socializing. Some individuals may prefer to be alone or may have trouble getting motivated. There are several ways to cope with seasonal depression. One of the most common treatments is light therapy, as the lack of light is believed to contribute to the condition. Getting outside for a walk whenever the sun breaks through the clouds is helpful, as is sitting in the sun for at least 10 to 15 minutes daily. Gradually increasing this time to 30 to 35 minutes can help regulate mood. Regular exercise, even for just 30 minutes a day, can also have a positive impact. Keeping yourself busy and staying engaged in daily activities is another effective strategy to fight off the symptoms of seasonal depression.
In addition to these methods, homeopathic remedies can also be considered. According to the principles of homeopathy, the wrong treatment of a physical disease can often lead to mental health issues. Homeopathic treatments such as Nux Vomica, Thuja, Sulfur, Arum Muriaticum, Platina, Pulsatilla, Stramonium, Veratrum, Ignatia, Natrummuriaticum, Acid Phos, Lachesis, China, Bufo Rana, Cocculus Indicus, Baryta Muriatica and many others can help alleviate the symptoms of mental health problems. However, it is crucial to consult with an experienced doctor before using any of these remedies.
To effectively combat mental illness, a collective effort is required, involving individuals, families, and society at large. Mental illness should no longer be stigmatized, and accurate knowledge should be disseminated to help reduce misconceptions. It is important to offer support to those suffering from mental illness, treating them with empathy and kindness, and ensuring they receive the care they need. We must stand together to provide a compassionate environment for those affected by mental health challenges.
The writer is the Founder and Chairman of Jatiya Rogi Kallyan Society
