Turkey, Qatar, Pakistan, and Indonesia signed the "Badr Memorandum of Understanding" in Doha on Wednesday to strengthen mutual cooperation in the defence industry, reported Anadolu Agency.
The memorandum focuses on joint arms production, technology transfer, research and development, and technical training among the participating countries.
Turkish National Defence Minister Yasar Guler represented his country at the signing ceremony held in the Qatari capital. Minister of State for Defence Affairs of Qatar Sheikh Saoud bin Abdulrahman bin Hassan Al-Thani, Indonesian Defence Minister Sjafrie Sjamsoeddin, and Defence Minister of Pakistan Khawaja Muhammad Asif signed the agreement on behalf of their respective nations.
Coordinated by Turkey's Presidency of Defence Industries, the initiative goes beyond military equipment procurement. Under this framework, the four nations plan to undertake joint defence projects, integrate supply chains, and enhance the exchange of defence technology and knowledge.
Notably, the scope of the Badr MoU remains strictly confined to defence industry cooperation and does not contain any mutual defence clause. Consequently, an attack on one participating nation imposes no legal obligation on the others to intervene militarily.
Earlier in August, Turkey, Pakistan, and Saudi Arabia signed the "Makkah Joint Defence Pact," which included a NATO-style clause treating an attack on one member state as an attack on all.
-SA