Myanmar Energy Cooperation Demands Caution

As domestic gas reserves continue to decline and demand keeps growing, the country urgently needs reliable and affordable energy sources. Under the current circumstances when industries are struggling with gas shortages, power generation heavily depends on imported LNG while putting pressure on foreign exchange reserves, thus exploring avenues of importing gas through pipeline from neighbouring Myanmar is a practical step. If the project, however, turns out to be commercially and technically viable, it could certainly strengthen Bangladesh’s energy security and support long-term economic growth.

Nevertheless, energy cooperation cannot be viewed separately from the broader relationship between us two neighbours. This should not be overlooked that the Rohingya crisis continues to cast a long shadow over our bilateral ties. More than a million Rohingya refugees remain sheltered in Cox’s Bazar, while meaningful progress on their safe, voluntary and dignified repatriation has yet to be ensured. Meanwhile, instability in Myanmar’s Rakhine State and recurring border tensions continue to raise security concerns. Against this backdrop, engaging Myanmar on energy and trade based on mutual benefits, we must also remain firm in pursuing a durable solution to the Rohingya crisis. Then again - constructive engagement can sometimes create opportunities for broader cooperation. 

Stronger energy ties could open new channels of dialogue and help build confidence between the two countries. Myanmar has significant natural gas reserves, while Bangladesh faces a growing energy deficit. If both countries can build a mutually beneficial partnership, it could support economic growth, encourage regional connectivity and create a more positive atmosphere for addressing difficult bilateral issues. Also, regional initiatives, including the proposed China-Myanmar-Bangladesh corridor, could further enhance the value of such cooperation.

Yet, we expect the government to proceed with caution. A cross-border gas pipeline is a major long-term investment that requires political stability, reliable supply and strong legal safeguards. Given Myanmar’s ongoing internal armed conflicts and insurgencies Bangladesh should carefully evaluate the project’s technical, financial and strategic viability before making any commitment. Detailed feasibility studies, transparent negotiations, competitive pricing and unimpeded supply guarantees must be ensured, so to form the foundation of any agreement to uphold the country’s long-term interests.

In conclusion, Bangladesh’s energy needs demand practical and forward-looking solutions, and cooperation with neighbouring countries should remain an important part of that strategy. At the same time, economic pragmatism must not come at the expense of diplomatic priorities or humanitarian responsibilities. While pursuing closer energy cooperation with Myanmar, the government should continue expanding domestic gas exploration, investing in renewable energy and working with the international community to support the safe and sustainable repatriation of the Rohingyas. Only a balanced and carefully managed approach can strengthen Bangladesh’s energy security while protecting its national interests and promoting more constructive relations with Myanmar.